Gregor Mendel

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Gregor Mendel, known as the "father of modern genetics," was born in Heinzendorf bei Odrau, Austrian Empire (now Hynčice, Czech Republic) in 1822. A monk, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's garden. His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, subsequently becoming the foundation of modern genetics and leading to the study of heredity.